2019北外翻译硕士真题回忆版
翻译硕士英语
30题六选二，2篇阅读理解，2篇阅读简答题。
作文题目是 “Resilience is an incrediblely powerful force that our country and world need a lot more of right now. ”
英语翻译基础
词条 ：
英译中
1、EQ 情商
2、adversity quotient 逆商
3、CIO 首席信息官
4、CBD 中央商务区
5、OTC 场外交易
6、UPU 万国邮政联盟
7、induction cooker 电磁炉
8、pentathlon 五项全能运动
9、certificate of origin 原产地证书
10、pathogen 病原体
11、financial statements 财务报表
12、No loitering. 请勿逗留
13、dopamine 多巴胺
14、national treatment 国民待遇
15、pyramid scheme 传销
中译英
1、报复性关税 retaliation tariff
2、水陆两栖飞机 amphibious aircraft
3、大道至简 The great Dao is the simplest.
4、吃瓜群众 onlooker
5、上海自由贸易试验区 Shanghai Pilot Free Trade Zone
6、网络空间 cyberspace
7、剁手党 big spender
8、司法行政机关 judicial administrative authorities
9、自拍 selfie
10、文化事业单位 cultural institutions
11、健身教练 fitness trainer
12、暂行规定 interim provisions
13、科技创业板 growth enterprise market for scientific enterprises
14、疏导公众情绪 to defuse pubic anger
15、政府采购 Government Procurement
英译汉：
①Major global trends such as population growth, urbanization, uneven economic growth, increasing inequality, sudden or protracted political transitions and climate change suggest that humanitarian caseloads will continue to increase. ②Already, the consequences of disasters for national and regional development, as well as economic growth, have led many Governments to bolster national capacities for disaster management. ③People affected by emergencies also increasingly use technology to articulate their needs, to seek resources from their own communities, neighbors and Governments. ④Humanitarian actors can leverage technology to distribute assistance more quickly and cost-efficiently and to map hazards for better coordination and planning. ⑤It will be essential to support innovation in the sector and for humanitarian organizations to harness the opportunities technology can provide.
①Member States and humanitarian actors are still better at responding to crises than at preventing or preparing for them. ②Recognizing this, the United Nations brought resilience to the forefront of the humanitarian agenda in 2012 through closer collaboration between humanitarian and development agencies to manage risks and address the underlying vulnerabilities. ③Increased synergies between disaster risk reduction, including preparedness, and climate change mitigation and adaptation efforts will be needed.
①Given the changing humanitarian landscape, we must continue to adapt and update the international humanitarian system, making it more inclusive and interoperable, connecting and convening all actors who want to contribute to different aspects of preparedness, response, resilience and recovery. ②We must put a greater premium on evidence, innovation and partnerships, as well as on enhanced capacity, especially at the local level. ③More must be done to engage affected countries. ④Preparations are under way for a World Humanitarian Summit in 2016 to take stock of the changing environment, agree on how to adapt and make humanitarian action fir for future challenges.
汉译英：
越来越多的有识之士认为，人类文明正处于深刻转型之中，正走向一个新时代。有人认为新时代将是信息文明新时代，有人认为新时代将是生态文明新时代。相应地产生了两种新哲学—信息哲学和生态哲学。二者都批判笛卡尔的心物二元论和康德的人与非人事物之截然二分。但信息哲学有强烈的计算主义和还原论倾向，因而走向了一元论，并有支持完全可知论的可能。而生态哲学以量子物理学和蕴含生态学的复杂性科学为依据，提出了生机论世界观、谦逊理性主义知识论和超越物质主义的价值观。生态哲学将为生态文明新时代凝练时代精神的精华。大自然是生生不息，包孕万物，是一门变化的语言，而人类语言(包括数学语言)一旦说出或者写出就会“凝固”。农业文明的发展是绿色发展，农业文明的绿色发展是低技术的绿色发展。工业文明的发展是“黑色发展”，走向生态文明是重走绿色发展之路。但生态文明的绿色发展是选择继承了工业文明之高科技的绿色发展。它既不是单一的物质财富增长，不是单一的经济增长，也不是单一的科技进步，而是包含技术进步、政治进步、文化繁荣、精神提升的综合发展。(回忆版)
这一篇汉译英来自《社会科学论坛》2018第6期，题目为《生态文明新时代的新哲学》。题目考察的部分主要是论文的摘要部分，但不是完全照搬，而是将作者在正文中的部分观点添加了进去。
汉语写作与百科知识
词条：
1. “一带一路”
2. 关税壁垒
3. 安理会常任理事国
4. 《荷马史诗》
5. 凯瑟琳
6. 波士顿
7. 《战争与和平》
8. 形声字
9. 韩柳
10. 晴雯
11. 春秋(五霸)
12. 文景(之治)
13. 安史(之乱)
14. 陆王(心学)
15. 乾嘉(之学)
16. 四大(皆空)
17. 《三国志》
18. 两位科学家(2018诺贝尔经济学家)
19. 明治维新三杰
20. 艾略特
21. 青蒿素
22. 五功
23. 基督宗教三大流派
24. 好望角
25. 宝莱坞
应用文写作：
请以某企事业单位的名义撰写一个新书或丛书、报刊、杂志征订广告，字数不少于400字，言简意赅，格式规范，凸显专业性、技术性和实用性。
大作文：
以“构筑心理的防堤”为题，写不少于800字的议论文。文笔优美，富有哲理性。
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