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【HOT】文都考研文化季“618年中福利”来啦

2021考研英语综合备考:复活44章

Before the first interview, Nekhludoff thought that when she saw him and knew of his intention to serve her, Katusha would be pleased and touched, and would be Katusha again; but, to his horror, he found that Katusha existed no more, and there was Maslova in her place. This astonished and horrified him.

次重逢的时候，聂赫留朵夫以为卡秋莎见到他，知道他要为她出力并且感到悔恨，一定会高兴，一定会感动，一定又会恢复原来那个卡秋莎的面目。他万万没有料到，原来的那个卡秋莎已经不存在了，只剩下了一个现在的玛丝洛娃。

这使他感到又惊奇又恐惧。

What astonished him most was that Katusha was not ashamed of her position--not the position of a prisoner (she was ashamed of that), but her position as a prostitute. She seemed satisfied, even proud of it. And, yet, how could it be otherwise? Everybody, in order to be able to act, has to consider his occupation important and good. Therefore, in whatever position a person is, he is certain to form such a view of the life of men in general which will make his occupation seem important and good.

使他感到惊奇的，主要是玛丝洛娃不仅不以自己的身分为耻(不是指她囚犯的身分，当囚犯她是感到羞耻的，而是指她妓女的身分)，似乎还觉得心满意足，甚至引以为荣。不过话也得说回来，一个人处在这样的地位，也就非如此不可。不论什么人，倘若要活动，必须自信他的活动是重要的，有益的。因此，一个人，不论地位怎样，他对人生必须具有这样的观点，使他觉得他的活动是重要的，有益的。

It is usually imagined that a thief, a murderer, a spy, a prostitute, acknowledging his or her profession as evil, is ashamed of it. But the contrary is true. People whom fate and their sin-mistakes have placed in a certain position, however false that position may be, form a view of life in general which makes their position seem good and admissible. In order to keep up their view of life, these people instinctively keep to the circle of those people who share their views of life and their own place in it.

通常人们总以为小偷、凶手、间谍、妓女会承认自己的职业卑贱，会感到羞耻。其实正好相反。凡是由命运安排或者自己造了孽而堕落的人，不论他们的地位多么卑贱，他们对人生往往抱着这样的观点，仿佛他们的地位是正当的，高尚的。为了保持这样的观点，他们总是本能地依附那些肯定他们对人生和所处地位的看法的人。

This surprises us, where the persons concerned are thieves, bragging about their dexterity, prostitutes vaunting their depravity, or murderers boasting of their cruelty. This surprises us only because the circle, the atmosphere in which these people live, is limited, and we are outside it. But can we not observe the same phenomenon when the rich boast of their wealth, i.e., robbery; the commanders in the army pride themselves on victories, i.e., murder; and those in high places vaunt their power, i.e., violence? We do not see the perversion in the views of life held by these people, only because the circle formed by them is more extensive, and we ourselves are moving inside of it.

但要是小偷夸耀他们的伎俩，妓女夸耀她们的淫荡，凶手夸耀他们的残忍，我们就会感到惊奇。我们之所以会感到惊奇，无非因为这些人的生活圈子狭小，生活习气特殊，而我们却是局外人。不过，要是富翁夸耀他们的财富，也就是他们的巧取豪夺，军事长官夸耀他们的胜利，也就是他们的血腥屠杀，统治者夸耀他们的威力，也就是他们的强暴残忍，还不都是同一回事?我们看不出这些人歪曲了生活概念，看不出他们为了替自己的地位辩护而颠倒善恶，这无非因为他们的圈子比较大，人数比较多，而且我们自己也是这个圈子里的人。

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