2021考研英语语法九大代词解析:指示代词

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在英语复习备考中,考研英语的语法知识至关重要,文都考研小编汇总了关于2021考研英语语法方面的相关知识,希望对考生复习备考有所帮助,下面就随小编来看下吧~

指示代词

(一)this,that和these,those

指示代词this和that的复数形式分别为these和those,在句中可作主语、宾语、表语和定语,this和these表示较近的空间或时间,that和those表示较远的空间和时间。

例句: In the past, most foresters have been men, but today, the number of women pursuing this field is climbing.

分析: 该句是并列句。

译文: 过去林业工人多半是男人,可如今从事这一行业的妇女人数在增加。

例句: We are obliged to them because some of these languages have since vanished, as the peoples who spoke them died out or became assimilated and lost their native languages. (2004年第62题)

分析: 该句是复合句,主句为We are obliged to them。because引导一个状语从句,定语从句who spoke them修饰the peoples,as引导的句子可以看做插入语,补充说明 some of these languages have since vanished的原因。

译文: 我们之所以感激他们(两位先驱),是因为在此以后,这些语言中有一些已经不复存在了,这是由于使用这些语言的民族或是消亡了,或是被同化而丧失了自己的本族语言。

(二)指示代词that和those也可用于比较结构,表示前面提到的东西,避免重复

例句: The number of registered participants in this year's marathon was half that of last year's. (1996年第7题)

分析: 该句是简单句,本句的主语是单数名词number,因此后面指代它的代词只能是单数that,谓语用单数。

译文: 今年登记参加马拉松赛跑的人数是去年的一半。

例句: His function is analogous to that of a judge, who must accept the obligation of revealing in as obvious a matter as possible the course of reasoning which led him to his decision. (2006年第47题)

分析: 该句是复合句,主句为His function is analogous to that of a judge。定语从句who must accept...修饰a judge,介词短语in as obvious a matter as possible作状语,用来说明reveal的方式,另一个定语从句which led him to his decision修饰the course of reasoning。

译文: 他的职责与法官相似,必须承担这样的责任: 用尽可能明了的方式来展示自己作出决定的推理过程。

例句: These bunches of flowers are more beautiful than those we bought yesterday.

译文: 这些束花比昨天我们买的那些花漂亮多了。

(三)指示代词such在句中作主语、表语和定语

例句: Such is what you want me to do.

Such are the meanings of authentic love.

(such作表语时,往往置于句首)

注意: such用作定语时和副词so的区别在前面副词一节中已提到。

(四)指示代词same的用法

在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语,其前与定冠词the连用。

例句: Vitamins are similar because they are made of the same elements — usually carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and sometimes nitrogen. (选自1996年Cloze Test)

分析: 该句是复合句。

译文: 因为是由同样的元素构成——通常是碳、氢、氧,有时还有氮,所以各种维生素都很相似。

以上是指示代词语法知识点的详细解读,后面文都考研小编会继续更新2021考研英语语法相关知识,敬请关注~

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