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That’s because they inevitably put the costs of cleaning the air on to individual drivers—who must pay fees or buy better vehicles—rather than on to the car manufacturers whose cheating is the real cause of our toxic pollution.

【结构分析】

主干部分：

That’s because……，结构为主语+系动词+表语从句;

修饰成分：

because they inevitably put the costs of cleaning the air on to individual drivers rather than on to the car manufacturers为表语从句，其中they为主语， inevitably put为谓语，the costs of cleaning the air为宾语，rather than并列on to individual drivers与on to the car manufacturers;

who must pay fees or buy better vehicles为定语从句，修饰individual drivers;

whose cheating is the real cause of our toxic pollution为定语从句，修饰car manufacturers;

【译文】

这是因为这些措施不可避免地将清洁空气的成本归于车主个人——车主必须为污染付费或者买更好的车——而不是归于汽车生产商，生产商的舞弊行为才是造成有毒污染的真正原因。