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(2019年)This would be reasonable if it were not for the fact that scientists can easily arrange to cite themselves in their future publications, or get associates to do so for them in return for similar favors.
本句共36词,句子相对较长,前后有一处标点隔开,整个句子结构较复杂,句子包括if引导的条件状语从句,以及它的主句,句子比较复杂是因为if引导的条件状语从句中还包含了一个that引导的一个同位语从句,that引导的同位语从句中出现了并列成分,并列连词or并列的两个动宾结构。
句子主干:This would be reasonable
句子主干部分理解相对简单,属于5大简单句句式中的主系表结构,
句子中的reasonable意为“合理的,有理由的”
整句理解:这将是合理的。
If引导的条件状语从句:if it were not for the fact that scientists can easily arrange to cite themselves in their future publications, or get associates to do so for them in return for similar favors.
整体句子比较复杂,所以可以分开理解,先可以通过断句原则以及断句标志,根据断句原则可以将长句子段成短句子,再者根据断句标志其中一种,从属连词可以将that scientists can easily arrange to cite themselves in their future publications, or get associates to do so for them in return for similar favors 这部分断开理解,这样的话,就只剩下if it were not for the fact;接下来把这两部分分开理解即可
if it were not for the fact
如果不是这个事实
that scientists can easily arrange to cite themselves in their future publications, or get associates to do so for them in return for similar favors
That从句中出现了并列成分,并列连词or并列两个动宾结构,分别是arrange to cite themselves in their future publications 和 get associates to do so for them in return for similar favors,接下里分别来理解下这两个短语
arrange to cite themselves in their future publications
Arrange to do sth.:安排去做某事儿;cite:引用(这里cite themselves意为引用文章, 这里的themselves代替前文中出现过的essays);publications:出版物,这个短语中出现了V+N+in介词短语这种形式,出现这种形式下,in介词短语优先修饰动词,所以放在动词前翻译;所以个短语的意思为:科研人员很轻易地在将来自己发表的论文中自我引用。
get associates to do so for them in return for similar favors
Get sb. to do sth. 让某人去做某事儿; associates:同伴、同事、合作伙伴; 这里的to do so 相当于 to cite their essays,是部分省略,所以get associates to do so for them这个短语意思是:让同伴在自己的文章中引用他们的论文;in return:反过来,以...为回报,for similar favors:为类似的支持, 所以in return for similar favors可以理解为:反过来以获得类似的支持,言外之意就是:如果他们同事在论文中引用他们的文章,反过来他们自己也会在文章中引用自己同事的文章,互相支持。
从句整句理解:科研人员轻易就能在将来发表的论文里自我引用,或找同行引用以回报自己提供类似好处
整个句子是if引导的条件状语从句,根据翻译原则,条件状语从句要调整到主句前翻译,所以整句理解为:
要不是因为科研人员轻易就能在将来发表的论文里自我引用,或找同行引用以回报自己提供类似好处这个事实,这项措施本该是合理的。