考研英语

Recently, Lancet, one of the oldest and most respected medical journals in the world, published an article on Covid patients receiving hydroxychloroquine with a terrifying conclusion: the drug increases heartbeat irregularities and decreases hospital survival rates. This result was treated as authoritative, and major drug trials were immediately halted – because why treat anyone with an unsafe drug? Now, that Lancet study has been withdrawn from the literature entirely, at the request of three of its authors who “can no longer confirm the truthfulness of the primary data sources”.

思考题：

According to the text, a study published on the Lancet __.

A.is praised as innovative and authoritative

B.inspires major drug trials to move ahead

C.claimed a drug to be dangerous for patients

D.is declined by senior editors of the journal

句：

Recently, Lancet, one of the oldest and most respected medical journals in the world, published an article on Covid patients receiving hydroxychloroquine with a dire conclusion: the drug increases heartbeat irregularities and decreases hospital survival rates.

参考译文：最近，世界上历史上最悠久、最受尊敬的医学期刊之一《柳叶刀》发表了一篇关于新冠肺炎患者接受羟氯喹治疗的研究，研究的结论非常可怕：羟基氯喹会增加心律不齐，并降低住院生存率。

第二句：

This result was treated as authoritative, and major drug trials were immediately halted – because why treat anyone with an unsafe drug?

参考译文：此结论被视为具有权 威性，大型药物试验都立即停止，因为为什么要使用不安全的药来治疗任何人?

第三句：

Now, that Lancet study has been retracted, withdrawn from the literature entirely, at the request of three of its authors who “can no longer vouch for the veracity of the primary data sources”.

参考译文：现在，这份《柳叶刀》的研究已应其三位作者的要求完全从文献中撤回，他们表示“不再能保证主要数据源的准确性”。

思考题解析：

According to the text, a study published on the Lancet __.

柳叶刀发表的一项研究：

(注意四个选项的时态!)

A. is praised as innovative and authoritative

(被誉为具有创新性和权 威性)

文中句有说过这个结论权 威，但是过去式了!

This result was treated as authoritative

第三句的：Now才是关键!

B. inspires major drug trials to move ahead

这个研究之前是使的大型药物试验halted 停止。

(激励了大型药物试验继续进行)

而现在也没有说激励了大型药物试验继续进行。

B选项错误。

C. claimed a drug to be dangerous for patients

(声称一种药物对病人很危险)

正确，对应句，之前他们就是这样声称的!

C选项正确。

D. was declined by senior editors of the journal

(被本刊的高级编辑推翻了)

文章压根没有提到高级编辑的是。

D选项错误。

词汇突破：

Lancet 柳叶刀

medical journals 医学杂志

Covid patients 新冠病人

hydroxychloroquine 氯喹

heartbeat irregularities 心跳不规律

authoritative 权 威

halted 停止

at the request of 在...的要求下

confirm 确认

the primary data sources 原始数据资源

文章来源背景和来源：

The Lancet has made one of the biggest retractions in modern history. How could this happen?

《柳叶刀》经历现代历史上最 大的撤稿之一。为什么会发生这种事?

Source: https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2020/jun/05/lancet-had-to-do-one-of-the-biggest-retractions-in-modern-history-how-could-this-happen

背景：世界医学四大刊之一的《柳叶刀》最近发表的一篇文章指出，用抗疟药物羟氯喹治疗新冠肺炎病人将引起心律不齐等不良反应，甚至增加院内死亡的风险。此文一出，引起轩然大波，世界卫生组织马上叫停了与羟氯喹有关的大型实验。但剧情反转很快出现。羟氯喹由于美国总统亲自服用而获得了行业内外的高能关注，所以全世界的专家都认真地研读了这篇论文，200多位医生和研究人员都对其数据的可靠性提出了质疑。疑点包括：1. 论文没有遵守机器学习和统计界的标准做法，未在GitHub上发布代码或数据;2. 没有提及对数据来源做贡献的国家、机构或医院;3. 澳大利亚的数据与公开数据不符;3. 非州的数据与当地医院数据电子化的欠发达程度严重不匹配;等等。面对巨大压力，文章作者以“无法保障数据来源的准确性”为由，主动要求期刊撤稿。此次史上最臭名昭著的撤稿让《柳叶刀》陷入信任危机。为什么一份如此受人尊敬的期刊，可以由作者想发就发，想撤就撤?就像用过的纸巾一样?而世卫的那个大型实验虽已重启，但因为论文结果被广泛报道，现在很难招募到志愿者。若一味追寻出成果、发文章，缺少学术之诚和学术之心，再受人尊敬的机构和个人最终都要走下神坛。