考研英语

The government’s reliance on private contractors during the public health emergency comes after a decade of NHS’ reorganization, marketisation and deep cuts to services and local government in England. “The undermining of our responsiveness to a pandemic was one of my major concerns,” said Gabriel Scally, a professor of public health at the University of Bristol and a former regional director of public health in the NHS for almost 20 years. “There has been a destruction of the infrastructure that stops England coping with major emergencies.”

思考题：

Gabriel Scally believes that NHS reform has___.

A. destructed the concerns of pandemic emergencies.

B. underfunded the reorganization and marketisation.

C. introduced harmful competition to public health.

D. damaged the government’s crisis coping capacity.

词汇突破：

reliance 依靠

private contractors 私人承办商

NHS 英国国家健康医疗系统

reorganization 重组

marketisation 市场化

deep cuts大幅削减

undermining 破坏

responsiveness 应对

pandemic 疫情

destruction 破坏

infrastructure 基础设施

stops 阻止,妨碍

coping with 应对

句子解析：

黄色是主干

红色是定语

绿色是状语

紫色是同位语

句：

The government’s reliance on private contractors during the public health emergency comes after a decade of public sector reorganisation, marketisation and deep cuts to services and local government in England.

参考译文：在此次突发公共卫生事件中，政府对私人承包商的依赖发生在这十年公共部门的重组、市场化以及大幅削减对服务和地方政府的支出之后。

第二句：

“The undermining of our responsiveness to a pandemic was one of my major concerns,” said Gabriel Scally, a professor of public health at the University of Bristol and a former regional director of public health in the NHS for almost 20 years.

参考译文：“我们对流行病的应对能力减弱是我的主要关切之一，”布里斯托尔大学公共卫生教授、担任英国国家医疗服务体系(NHS)前地区主管近二十年的加布里埃尔·斯卡利说。

第三句：

“There has been a destruction of the infrastructure that stops England coping with major emergencies.”

参考译文：“基础设施遭到破坏，阻碍了英国应对重大突发事件。”

思考题解析：

Gabriel Scally believes that NHS reform has___.

定位可以是第二句或者第三句：

正确答案是：

D. damaged the government’s crisis coping capacity.

破坏了政府应对危机的能力。

对应原文：

“基础设施遭到破坏，阻碍了英国应对重大突发事件。

A. destructed the concerns of pandemic emergencies.

破坏了疫情紧急情况的担心。

这是什么话?

这就是拼凑的一个选项。错!

B. underfunded the reorganization and marketisation.

对再组织和市场化拨款不足。

这也不对，这也是拼凑的啊!

C. introduced harmful competition to public health.

这里没有提及!错!

文章来源背景和来源：

How a decade of NHS cuts and privatization left the UK exposed to a pandemic

十年的英国国家医疗服务体系精减和私有化怎样让英国很难抵御流行病

Source: https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/may/31/how-a-decade-of-privatisation-and-cuts-exposed-england-to-coronavirus

背景：在疫情期间，每个周四晚8点，成百万的英国人都会站在家门口或阳台上集体鼓掌，表达对医护人员的感激和对英国国家医疗服务体系(NHS)的骄傲。但那些体验过政府的新冠肺炎病毒检测和跟踪服务的人们却与NHS的接触极为有限。相反，有症状的英国人被引流至德勤的管理顾问们设置的50个免下车式检测中心，而且给他们检测的也不是NHS员工，而是Serco、G4S、Mitie和Sodexo等外包公司提供的人员。保障英国全民公费医疗的NHS为何现在需要将众多功能外包给私人企业?原因在于，过去十年来政府大幅削减给NHS的财务拨款，同时对其大刀阔斧地改组和私有化。这些举措直接导致了英国面对疫情时应对乏力，捉襟见拙，不得不花大价钱请私人企业介入。