The most drastic, and thoroughly illegal, reaction has been the emergence of Sci-Hub, a kind of global photocopier for scientific papers, set up in 2012, which now claims to offer access to every paywalled article published since 2015.
第 一句：
句子主干：reaction has been the emergence of Sci-Hub
“…, and thoroughly illegal, …“ 由and引导作为插入语，与the most drastic并列，作为修饰reaction的定语
“…, a kind of … in 2012,“ 由逗号链接，共同作为同位语补充说明 “什么是Sci-Hub”,建立的时间
“…, which now claims…“ 定语从句，修饰Sci-Hub
“… published since 2015，“ 过去分词作后置定语，修饰article，强调被动，表示“自2015年以来发布的…”
表达： offer… to…
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